188 lines
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188 lines
9.0 KiB
TeX
\subsection{\John 12}
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\subsubsection{\Iesous' Anointing}
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\lettrine[lraise=0]{S}{o} \Iesous, six days before the passover,
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came to \Bethania where \Lazaros was,
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whom \Iesous raised from the dead.
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\VS{2} So they made him [a] dinner there, and \Martha served,
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but \Lazaros was one of those reclining with him.
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\VS{3} So \Mariam having taken [a] litra\fnLitra{}
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of costly genuine nard ointment%
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\footnote{MURON was usually made of myrrh
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(from which the English word is derived)
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but here it is used in the sense of ointment or perfumed oil.
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The adjective 'genuine' PISTIKES is difficult;
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some take it to derive from `trustworthy' (PISTIS)
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and relate it to the purity of the oil of nard.
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More likely it is something like a brand name,
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``pistic nard,'' the exact significance of which has yet to be determined.},
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anointed\footnote{The verb here is \textit{ALEIPH\={O}}, the ordinary word for
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rubbing on oil---for a wound, for hospitality, for a body. This is
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distinct from \textit{CHR\'{I}\={O}}, the verb CHRISTOS is built from,
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which in Scripture is reserved for ceremonial, consecratory anointing:
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kings and priests set apart for office. \John does not use
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\textit{CHR\'{I}\={O}} anywhere in this scene---only
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\textit{ALEIPH\={O}}. And yet the resonance is unavoidable: the
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Anointed [One], instead of being anointed on the head as royal and
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priestly anointing was customarily done, is anointed here on his
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\textit{feet}, with the ordinary word, by an ordinary woman's hands.}
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\Iesous' feet and wiped off his feet with her hair,
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and the house was filled with the odor of the ointment.
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\VS{4} So \Ioudas \Iscariot, one of the disciples,
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the [one] [about] to be delivering him up, says:
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\VS{5} Why was this ointment not sold for three hundred denarii\fnDenarion{}
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and given to [the] poor?
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\VS{6} But he said this not because he was concerned with the poor,
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but because he was [a] thief,
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and having the money box he was taking [for himself] the [money] thrown in.
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\VS{7} So \Iesous said:
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Allow her, in order that she keep it to the day of preparation for burial.
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\VS{8} For you always have the poor with you, but me you do not always have.
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\VS{9} So [a] great crowd of the Jews knew that he is there,
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and came not because of \Iesous only, but
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in order that they may see \Lazaros whom he raised from the dead.
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\VS{10} Now the chief-priests resolved that they should also kill \Lazaros,
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\VS{11} for because of him many of the Jews were leaving and were trusting in \Iesous.
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\VS{12} On the next day the great crowd having come to the festival,
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having heard that \Iesous comes to Jerusalem,
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\VS{13} took palm branches\fnPalmBranches{} and went out to meet him,
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and they were crying out,
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\begin{verse}
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Hosanna!\footnote{Greek \textit{h\={o}sann\'{a}}, transliterating Hebrew
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\textit{hoshia na}---literally ``save, now!'' (cf. Psalm 118:25,
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LXX 117:25: \textit{s\={o}son d\={e}}). By the first century the cry
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had become a fixed liturgical acclamation, especially at Sukkot, where
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it was shouted while waving palm and willow branches---the very
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gesture the crowd performs here.}\\
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Praised is the [one] coming in the name of [the] Lord,\\
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the king of \Israel.
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\end{verse}
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\VS{14} Now \Iesous having found [a] young donkey he sat upon it,
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just as it is written\footnote{Zech.9:9},
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\begin{verse}
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\VS{15} Be not fearing, daughter of Zion; \\
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Behold your king comes \\
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Sitting upon [a] donkey's colt.
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\end{verse}
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\VS{16} These [things] his disciples did not know at first,
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but when \Iesous was glorified,
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then they were reminded that these [things] were written about him
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and [that] they
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%\footnote{`they' probably refers to `everybody' and not the disciples \it{per se}},
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had done these [things] to him.
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\VS{17} So the crowd being with him when he called \Lazaros from the tomb
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and raised him from the dead, [the crowd] was witnessing [about it].
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\VS{18} Because of this the crowd also met him,
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because they heard he had done this sign.
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\VS{19} So the Pharisees said to themselves:
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Be beholding that you accomplish nothing.
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Behold the world\fnKosmos{} has departed after him.
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\subsubsection{Seekers}
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\VS{20} Now there were some Greeks%
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\footnote{That is, non-Jews}
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going up in order that they worship in the festival.
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\VS{21} So these came to \Phillip from \Bethsaida of \Galilee,
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and they were asking him saying:
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Lord, we want to see \Iesous.
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\VS{22} \Phillip comes and tells \Andrew; \Andrew comes ---
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and \Phillip, and they tell \Iesous.
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\VS{23} So \Iesous answers them saying:
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The hour is come that the Son of Humanity\fnAnthropos{} be glorified.
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\VS{24} Truly truly I say to you,
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unless [a] grain of wheat having fallen into the earth die,
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it remains alone\footnote{perhaps the sense is: `it remains a single seed'},
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but if it die, it bears much fruit.
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\VS{25} The [one] philia-loving his psyche-life\fnPsyche{} will lose\fnApollumi{} it,
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and the [one] hating his psyche-lifein this world will guard it
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to \zoe{}-life\fnZoe{} eternal.
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\VS{26} If anyone be serving me, he must\fnImperative{} be following me,
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and where I am, there also will be the [one] serving me.
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If anyone be serving me, the father will honor him.
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\VS{27} Now my psyche-life\fnPsyche{} is troubled, and
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what should I say? Father, save me from this hour?
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But because of this I came to this hour.
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\VS{28} Father, glorify your name.
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[A] voice therefore came from heaven:
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I have glorified [it] and will again glorify [it].
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\VS{29} The crowd therefore having stood and having heard were saying:
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Thunder came to pass, others were saying: [An] angel has spoken to him.
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\VS{30} \Iesous answered and said:
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This voice did not come to pass because of me but because [of you].
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\VS{31} Now is the judgment of this world\fnKosmos{}.
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Now will the ruler of this world be thrown out.
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\VS{32} And if I be lifted up\fnUpsao{} from the earth,
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I will pull\fnElkuo{} everyone to myself.
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\VS{33} But he was saying this signifying by what sort of death
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he was [about] to be dying.
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\VS{34} The crowd therefore answered him: We heard from the law%
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\footnote{It is difficult to pinpoint the passage in the Mosaic law
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to which the crowd refers.
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Ps.89:36--37, Ps.110:4, Is.9:7, Ezek.37:25 and Dan.7:14 are often suggested.
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None of these are in the Pentateuch per se,
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but `law' could in common usage refer to the entire OT.
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Of the passages mentioned, Ps.89:36--37 is the most likely candidate.}
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that the Anointed\fnChristos{} [One] abides to eternity, and
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how do you say that the Son of Humanity\fnAnthropos{} must be lifted up\fnUpsao{}?
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Who is this Son of Humanity?
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\VS{35} \Iesous therefore said to them:
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Yet [a] small time the light is with you.
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Be walking while you have the light, in order that the darkness not overtake you.
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And the [one] walking in the darkness does not know where he goes.
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\VS{36} While you have the light, be trusting in the light,
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in order that you may become sons of light.
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\Iesous spoke these [things], and having departed he was hidden from them.
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\subsubsection{The Outcome of \Iesous' Public Ministry Foretold}
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\VS{37} Now having done such signs before them, they were not trusting\fnPistisJohn{} in him,
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\VS{38} in order that the word of Isaiah the prophet be fulfilled that he spoke\footnote{Isa.53:1}:
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\begin{verse}
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Lord, who trusted our report? \\
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And to whom has the arm of [the] Lord been revealed?
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\end{verse}
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\VS{39} Because of this they were not able to be trusting,
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because Isaiah again said%
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\footnote{Isa.6:9--10},
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\begin{verse}
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\VS{40} He has blinded their eyes and has hardened their heart, \\
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in order that they not see with their eyes \\
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and know in their heart \\
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and turn, and I will heal them.
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\end{verse}
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\VS{41} Isaiah said these [things] because he saw his glory,
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and spoke concerning him.
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\VS{42} All the same though, many of the rulers trusted in him,
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but because of the Pharisees, they were not professing,
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in order that they not become expelled from the synagogue.
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\VS{43} For they agape-loved the glory of men rather than the glory of God.
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\subsubsection{\Iesous' Final Public Words}
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\VS{44} But \Iesous cried out and said:
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The [one] trusting in me does not trust in me
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but [rather] in the [one] having sent me,
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\VS{45} and the [one] beholding me beholds the [one] having sent me.
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\VS{46} I am light come into the world,
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in order that everyone trusting in me not abide in darkness.
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\VS{47} And if anyone hear my words and not guard [them],
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I do not judge him,
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for I came not in order that I judge the world\fnKosmos{},
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but in order that I save the world.
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\VS{48} The [one] setting me aside and not receiving my words has [one] judging him:
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the word that I spoke --- that will judge him in the last day.
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\VS{49} Because I have not spoken from myself, but he having sent me,
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[the] father himself has given to me commandment what I should say
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and what I should speak.
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\VS{50} And I know that his commandment is eternal \zoe{}-life\fnZoe{}.
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What therefore I speak, just as the father has spoken to me, thus I speak.
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