Books/NT/latex/chapters/Luke20.tex
2026-07-20 18:09:40 -07:00

123 lines
7.0 KiB
TeX

\subsection{Luke 20}
\subsubsection{The Authority of \Iesous}
\VS{1} And it came [about] one of the days of his teaching in the temple and good-newsing
[that] the chief priests and the scribes with the elders stood against [him],
\VS{2} and spoke saying to him: Tell us in what sort of authority you do these [things],
or who is the [one] having given to you this authority?
\VS{3} But answering he said to them: I will also ask you [a] word\fnLogos{}, and you tell me:
\VS{4} Was the baptism of \John from heaven or from humanity\fnAnthropos{}?
\VS{5} But they reasoned among themselves saying that: If we say: From heaven, he will say:
Why did you not believe him?
\VS{6} But if we say: From humanity, all the people will stone us,
for they are persuaded \John is [a] prophet.
\VS{7} And they answered [that they] knew not whence.
\VS{8} And \Iesous said to them: Neither do I tell you in what sort of authority I do these [things].
\subsubsection{The Parable of the Tenants}
\VS{9} So he began to be saying to the people this parable:
Someone\fnAnthropos{} planted [a] vineyard, and leased it to farmers, and was absent [for a] long time.
\VS{10} And in [the] opportune-time\fnKairos{} he sent [a] slave to the farmers,
in order that they give to him of the fruit of the vineyard.
But the farmers having beaten [him] sent him away empty-handed.
\VS{11} And he appointed another slave to send, but also having beaten
and having treated that [one] shamefully they sent [him] away empty-handed.
\VS{12} and he appointed [a] third to send, but they also having wounded him they threw [him] out.
\VS{13} So the lord of the vineyard said:
What will I do? I will send my agape-beloved son, perhaps they will respect him.
\VS{14} But seeing him the farmers were reasoning to each other saying:
This is the heir. let us be killing him, in order that the inheritance become ours.
\VS{15} And having thrown him out of the vineyard they killed [him].
What therefore will the lord of the vineyard do to them?
\VS{16} He will come and will destroy those farmers,
and will give the vineyard to others.
\VS{17} But having heard they said:
May it not be. But fixing his gaze upon [them] he said to them:
What therefore is this written [thing]\footnote{Ps.118:22}:
\begin{verse}
The stone that the builders rejected \\
This has become the chief cornerstone.
\end{verse}
\VS{18} Everyone having fallen upon this stone will be dashed to pieces, but
upon whom it fall, it will crush him.
\VS{19} And the scribes and the Pharisees sought to throw their hands upon him in that hour,
and they feared the people, for they knew that he said this parable towards them.
\subsubsection{Paying Taxes to Caesar}
\VS{20} And having watched closely they sent spies pretending to be just,
in order that they lay hold of his word, so as to deliver him up to the ruler and to the authority of the governor.
\VS{21} And they asked him saying: Teacher, we know that you rightly speak and teach and do not accept appearances,
but upon truth you teach the way of God:
\VS{22} Is it allowed we give tribute\footnote{or ``tax''} to Caesar or not?
\VS{23} But having known their trickery he said to them:
\VS{24} Show me [a] denarius\fnDenarion.
Whose image\footnote{
EIK\={O}N: The same word as in Genesis 1:26--27: ``Let us make humanity in our own \textit{image}\ldots''
} and inscription has it\footnote{
The Roman denarius featured a picture of Caesar, with the inscription ``Son of the Divine Augustus.''
}?
And they said: Caesar's.
\VS{25} But he said to them: So render\footnote{or ``give back''} the [things] of Caesar to Caesar
and the [things] of God to God.
\VS{26} And they were unable to lay hold of his word\fnRema{} before the people,
and marveling upon his answer they were silent.
\subsubsection{Marriage and Resurrection}
\VS{27} Now some of the Saducees having come, who oppose [that there] is [a] resurrection,
asked him
\VS{28} saying: Teacher, \Moses wrote to us, If any brother die having [a] wife,
and this [man] be childless, that his brother take the woman and raise up seed to his brother%
\footnote{
\footnote{
This is the custom of levirate marriage (from Latin \textit{levir}, "husband's brother"),
set out in \myxref{Deut}{25}{5}.
Its stated purpose is to preserve the dead brother's name: "that his name may not be blotted out of \Israel" (\myxref{Deut}{25}{6}).
The same custom appears earlier, in \myxref{Gen}{38}{8}, where \Judah tells Onan to "raise up seed" for his dead brother.
Since land and inheritance passed only through male heirs,
the arrangement also secured the widow's place in the family --
without a son, she had no independent claim to support.
} }.
\VS{29} Now there were seven brothers, and the first taking [a] wife died childless.
\VS{30} And the second,
\VS{31} and the third took her, but likewise even the seven did not leave [a] child and they died.
\VS{32} And finally the woman died.
\VS{33} Therefore in the resurrection, of which of them will the woman become wife?
For the seven had her wife.
\VS{34} And \Iesous said to them: The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage,
\VS{35} but those considered worthy to attain that age and the resurrection of the dead
neither marry nor are given in marriage.
\VS{36} For neither are they still able to die,
for they are like angels, and they are sons of God being sons of the resurrection,
\VS{37} because the dead are raised, and \Moses revealed [it] at the bush, as he says\footnote{Ex.3:6}:
\begin{verse}
The Lord, the God of \Abraam and God of \Isaac and God of \Jacob\fnJacob{};
\end{verse}
\VS{38} But he is not God of the dead, but of the \zoe{}-living\fnZoe{}, for all \zoe{}-live in him.
\VS{39} So some of the scribes answering him said: Teacher, you spoke well.
\VS{40} For no longer daring, no one questioned him.
\subsubsection{The Anointed [One]: \David's Son and Lord}
\VS{41} But he said to them: How do they say the Anointed\fnChristos{} [One] to be \David's son?
\VS{42} For \David himself says in the scroll of Psalms\footnote{Ps.110:1},
\begin{verse}
{}[The] Lord said to my Lord: \\
Sit at my right \\
\VS{43} Until I place your enemies \\
{}[for a] footstool [of your] feet.
\end{verse}
\VS{44} \David therefore calls him Lord, and how is he his son%
\footnote{A son would call their father `lord,' but not the other way around.
The Anointed [One] was to be \David{}'s offspring (generations later), so normally the Anointed [One] would still refer
to his great-great-great\ldots{}grandfather as `lord'}?
\subsubsection{\Iesous Warns the Disciples against Pride}
\VS{45} So while all the people were hearing he said to the disciples:
\VS{46} Be giving heed from the scribes wanting to be walking [about] in long robes
and philia-loving greetings in the market place and the first seats in the synagogues and first places in feasts,
\VS{47} who consume widow's houses and in pretense pray long; these will receive greater judgment.